Stress is known to have a profound impact on our overall health, but its effects on the skin are often overlooked.
According to a post by content creator Dr Mehss, stress can increase the levels of neuropeptides on the skin, leading to various dermatological issues. “Stress increases the production of neuropeptides in the skin, which can heighten sensitivity and lead to allergic reactions or exacerbate conditions like rosacea,” she captions the post.
Dr Swetha Sridhar, assistant professor at Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital, tells indianexpress.com, “Neuropeptides are small protein-like molecules that serve as chemical messengers in the body, playing a crucial role in communication between the nervous system and various tissues, including the skin. They regulate numerous physiological processes, including inflammation, immune response, and pain signaling. In the skin, neuropeptides help to modulate the activity of cells such as keratinocytes (the predominant cell type in the outer layer of the skin), melanocytes (which produce pigment), and immune cells.”
When the body experiences stress, she says, the brain activates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to the release of stress hormones like cortisol. Along with this, the nervous system releases neuropeptides, such as substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and neuropeptide Y, directly into the skin. These neuropeptides can bind to receptors on skin cells, triggering inflammatory responses and influencing various skin functions.
Common skin conditions linked to elevated neuropeptide levels
Elevated neuropeptide levels are closely associated with several common skin conditions, especially those known to flare up during periods of stress. According to Dr Sridhar, these are:
– Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema): Neuropeptides, particularly substance P, have been shown to increase inflammation and itchiness in people with eczema. Stress can lead to flare-ups by elevating neuropeptide levels, promoting immune responses that worsen the condition.
Psoriasis: Psoriasis is another inflammatory skin condition linked to stress. Increased neuropeptide levels in response to stress can lead to heightened immune activity, resulting in the rapid overproduction of skin cells and the formation of psoriatic plaques.
– Acne: Stress-induced neuropeptides can increase sebum production and inflammation, both contributing to acne outbreaks. The release of neuropeptides can stimulate sebaceous glands, leading to the development of pimples or cysts.
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– Rosacea: For individuals with rosacea, stress and the accompanying rise in neuropeptides can lead to facial redness, flushing, and the formation of visible blood vessels.
– Chronic Itching (Pruritus): Neuropeptides like substance P play a significant role in the sensation of itching. When these neuropeptides are released in the skin during stress, they can activate nerve endings that cause persistent itching, even in the absence of visible skin lesions.
Neuropeptides, particularly substance P, have been shown to increase inflammation and itchiness in people with eczema. (Source: Freepik)
Strategies or treatments can help manage or reduce the impact of stress-induced neuropeptides
Reducing stress is one of the most effective ways to control the release of neuropeptides in the skin, states Dr Sridhar. “Techniques such as mindfulness meditation, deep breathing exercises, yoga, and regular physical activity can lower stress levels and reduce the neuropeptide-mediated inflammatory response.”
Anti-inflammatory creams and ointments, such as corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors, can help calm irritated skin and reduce inflammation caused by neuropeptides. In cases of acne or rosacea, products containing benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or azelaic acid may help manage breakouts.
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Oral or topical antihistamines can help reduce itching and inflammation caused by neuropeptides, particularly in cases of chronic itching or hives. For individuals with severe or chronic skin conditions exacerbated by stress, consulting a dermatologist or healthcare provider may be necessary, stresses Dr Sridhar.
*DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.*
