The concept of the evil eye has been a part of cultural and spiritual practices for centuries, believed to ward off negativity and protect from harm. From intricately designed talismans to rituals passed down through generations, this age-old belief holds significance in many societies. But does it truly offer protection, or is it more about the comfort it provides to those who believe?
To understand the appeal of the evil eye, we need to explore its historical roots and psychological implications.
Historical origin of the evil eye belief
Sonal Khangarot, licensed rehabilitation counsellor and psychotherapist, The Answer Room, says, “The belief in the evil eye — a malicious gaze thought to bring harm or misfortune — has transcended centuries and cultures. Despite its mystical origins, this age-old superstition carries both historical intrigue and psychological significance. The evil eye belief is as ancient as recorded history, dating back to the Mesopotamian civilisation around 3,000 BCE. It is mentioned in Ancient Greek, Roman, and Islamic texts, often associated with envy or an evil wish.”
In Greek mythology, she adds, the evil eye was considered a direct result of excessive admiration or jealousy. Similarly, in Islamic culture, the concept of ‘nazar’ highlights the destructive power of envy. “Over time, cultures adapted protective rituals like wearing talismans such as the blue glass eye or hamsa hand to ward off its effects. While the form of protection varies, the underlying idea remains consistent: shielding oneself from negativity projected by others.”
Can the belief in the evil eye provide psychological benefits?
From a psychological standpoint, Khangarot says, believing in an evil eye can offer a sense of security and control in an unpredictable world. “It serves as a coping mechanism, providing individuals with an explanation for misfortunes that might otherwise feel random or unjust. This belief can reduce anxiety by externalising blame, transforming bad luck into something manageable through protective charms or rituals.”
In collectivist cultures, where communal harmony is prioritised, such beliefs strengthen social bonds as they emphasise collective vigilance against envy and ill intent. “Essentially, the belief in the evil eye can function as a mental anchor, helping individuals navigate uncertainty with a semblance of control,” states Khangarot.
While modern psychology doesn’t recognise the evil eye as a tangible force, studies suggest that envy, hostility, and negativity can influence mental and emotional well-being. (Source: Freepik)
How does the evil eye concept align with or differ from modern scientific explanations of negative energy?
The evil eye belief aligns symbolically with the scientific understanding of negative energy, though not literally. “While modern psychology doesn’t recognise the evil eye as a tangible force, studies suggest that envy, hostility, and negativity can influence mental and emotional well-being. Concepts like emotional contagion — where mood and energy levels are affected by others’ emotions — mirror the impact attributed to the evil eye. Similarly, cognitive biases like confirmation bias — seeing what you expect to see — may make individuals more attuned to misfortunes after believing they are cursed. Thus, the concept of the evil eye serves as a metaphor for the tangible effects of social and emotional dynamics,” explains the psychotherapist.
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Evidence to support the effectiveness of protective rituals or talismans associated with the evil eye
Khangarot asserts, “Scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of protective rituals or talismans is limited. However, their psychological impact cannot be ignored. These objects often act as placebo tools, enhancing confidence and reducing stress. Research in neuropsychology suggests that beliefs in protective rituals can trigger the brain’s reward system, offering comfort and perceived safety.”
That said, she mentions that it’s crucial to approach such beliefs with balance. “While talismans and rituals can provide reassurance, they shouldn’t replace rational decision-making or scientific approaches to addressing challenges. Relying solely on them can lead to overgeneralising and neglecting practical solutions.”
