It is common for the blood sugar levels to rise a little after a meal. But is it okay if it spikes to 350 mg/dL? Dr Manisha Arora, director, internal medicine, CK Birla Hospital, Delhi, said if there is inadequate insulin production or if the body develops insulin resistance — where insulin is either not effectively produced or cannot be utilised properly due to being trapped in fat cells (adipocytes) — the glucose remains in the bloodstream, leading to high blood sugar levels.
Notably, insulin is secreted in two primary ways: basal secretion, which occurs even during fasting, and bolus secretion, which is triggered by food intake.
Consuming high-glycemic or carbohydrate-rich foods, such as sweets or cakes, can rapidly elevate blood sugar. Other contributing factors include the use of certain medications like steroids, high stress levels, or underlying health conditions, said Dr Arora.
Dr Rajiv Kovil, head of diabetology, Zandra Healthcare and Co-founder of Rang De Neela Initiative, further noted that apart from eating high-carb or sugary meals or ultra-processed food, skipping meals and then overeating later, and inconsistent meal timing can lead to blood sugar levels touching 350 mg/dL.
Dr Kovil also stressed that missing insulin or oral medications and incorrect insulin dosing can lead to such situations.
How to control acute rises
Focusing on a healthy lifestyle is essential to manage post-meal blood sugar spikes.
Dr Arora suggested beginning with nutrition and choosing whole, unprocessed foods, including vegetables, low-glycemic-index fruits, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. “Regular physical activity is equally important as it helps improve insulin sensitivity and reduce blood sugar levels,” said Dr. Arora.
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Too many sugary foods can spike sugar levels (Photo: Freepik)
Adhering to prescribed medications is crucial, and stress management techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises can also play a supportive role. “Overall, managing high postprandial sugar levels involves a balanced approach that includes dietary discipline, regular exercise, consistent medication, and stress reduction,” said Dr Arora.
Frequent monitoring
Use a glucometer or CGM (Continuous Glucose Monitor) to catch spikes early, said Dr Kovil
Medication adherence
Take insulin/oral medications as prescribed
Adjust doses as guided during illness or changes in routine
Dietary management
*Avoid simple sugars and high-glycemic-index foods
*Eat smaller, frequent meals with fiber and protein
*Use carbohydrate counting if on insulin, especially for people with type 1 diabetes
Exercise regularly
*Even short walks can lower glucose, said Dr Kovil.
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*Avoid intense exercise during very high sugar levels (over 250 mg/dL with ketones)
Stress reduction
*Practice mindfulness, yoga, or relaxation techniques
*Get adequate sleep
Sick-Day protocols:
*Never skip insulin during illness
*Check sugar and ketones more frequently
*Stay in touch with a healthcare provider
Review medications
Inform your doctor if starting steroids, other medications, or supplements.
DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.
